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The slope field of () = +, showing three of the infinitely many solutions that can be produced by varying the arbitrary constant c.. In calculus, an antiderivative, inverse derivative, primitive function, primitive integral or indefinite integral [Note 1] of a continuous function f is a differentiable function F whose derivative is equal to the original function f.
The x antiderivative of y and the second antiderivative of f, Euler notation. D-notation can be used for antiderivatives in the same way that Lagrange's notation is [ 10 ] as follows [ 9 ] D − 1 f ( x ) {\displaystyle D^{-1}f(x)} for a first antiderivative,
If the function f does not have any continuous antiderivative which takes the value zero at the zeros of f (this is the case for the sine and the cosine functions), then sgn(f(x)) ∫ f(x) dx is an antiderivative of f on every interval on which f is not zero, but may be discontinuous at the points where f(x) = 0.
The integral of secant cubed is a frequent and challenging [1] indefinite integral of elementary calculus:
For a complete list of integral functions, please see the list of integrals. Indefinite integral. Indefinite integrals are antiderivative functions. ... (x,y) is the ...
3.1 Integrals of hyperbolic tangent, cotangent, secant, cosecant functions. ... For a complete list of integral functions, see list of integrals.
The following is a list of integrals (antiderivative functions) of logarithmic functions. For a complete list of integral functions, see list of integrals. Note: x > 0 is assumed throughout this article, and the constant of integration is omitted for simplicity.
Because this is undefined when x = −b / a, the most general form of the antiderivative replaces the constant of integration with a locally constant function. [1] However, it is conventional to omit this from the notation.