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Francesco Bellini (born 1947), research scientist, doctor in organic chemistry; Andrey Belozersky (1905–1972), Soviet biologist and biochemist, doctor in biological sciences; Ruth R. Benerito (1916–2013), American chemist known for inventions relating to textiles; Paul Berg (1926–2023), American biochemist,1980 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
"for the discovery of the reciprocal relations bearing his name, which are fundamental for the thermodynamics of irreversible processes" [68] 1969 Derek H. R. Barton (1918–1998) British "for their contributions to the development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry" [69] Odd Hassel (1897–1981) Norwegian 1970 Luis ...
An image from John Dalton's A New System of Chemical Philosophy, the first modern explanation of atomic theory.. This timeline of chemistry lists important works, discoveries, ideas, inventions, and experiments that significantly changed humanity's understanding of the modern science known as chemistry, defined as the scientific study of the composition of matter and of its interactions.
For their independent invention of the Cartesian Coordinate System: Artificial intelligence: Alan Turing, Claude Shannon, John McCarthy, Allen Newell, Marvin Minsky, Herbert A. Simon, Nathaniel Rochester: For their numerous contributions to the field, such as Turing's 1950 paper on AI, or Shannon's 1950 paper on how to program a computer for ...
Liu Xiaobo, Carl von Ossietzky and Aung San Suu Kyi were all awarded their Nobel Prize while in prison or detention. [10] Two Nobel laureates, Jean-Paul Sartre (Literature, 1964) and Lê Ðức Thọ (Peace, 1973), declined the award; Sartre declined the award as he declined all official honors, and Thọ declined the award due to the situation ...
The periodic table is one of the most potent icons in science, lying at the core of chemistry and embodying the most fundamental principles of the field. The history of chemistry represents a time span from ancient history to the present. By 1000 BC, civilizations used technologies that would eventually form the basis of the various branches of ...
List of scientists whose names are used as units; List of people whose names are used in chemical element names; List of scientists whose names are used in physical constants; List of soil scientists; List of spectroscopists; List of statisticians; List of systems scientists; List of taxonomic authorities by name; List of undersea explorers
Heron (c. 10–70), Roman Egypt – usually credited with invention of the aeolipile, although it may have been described a century earlier; John Herschel (1792–1871), UK – photographic fixer (hypo), actinometer; Harry Houdini (1874–1926) U.S. – flight time illusion; Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894), Germany – radio telegraphy ...