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The Gaza Strip (/ ˈ ɡ ɑː z ə / ⓘ; [10] Arabic: قِطَاعُ غَزَّةَ Qiṭāʿ Ġazzah [qɪˈtˤɑːʕ ˈɣaz.za]), also known simply as Gaza, is a small territory located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea; it is the smaller of the two Palestinian territories, the other being the West Bank, that make up the State of Palestine.
Israel occupied the Gaza Strip during the Suez Crisis in 1956. During this occupation, 930–1,200 Palestinians were killed, most notably in the Khan Younis massacre and Rafah massacre. In total, about 1% of the population of the Gaza Strip was either killed, wounded, tortured or imprisoned by Israel. [8]
The Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip is a major part of the Israel–Hamas war.Starting on 7 October 2023, immediately after the Hamas-led attacks on Israel, it began bombing the Gaza Strip; on 13 October, Israel began ground operations in Gaza, and on 27 October, a full-scale invasion was launched.
However, Israel has been continuously imposing a blockade of the Gaza Strip since 2007. At the beginning of the Israel–Hamas war, Israel made it clear that controlling the Gaza Strip was one of the main goals. [10] In late January 2024, Benjamin Netanyahu said that he "will not compromise on full Israeli control" over Gaza. [11]
Hamas also allowed Palestinians to resume protests at the Gaza–Israel barrier. [78] On September 29, Qatar, the UN, and Egypt mediated an agreement between Israeli and Hamas officials in the Gaza Strip to reopen closed crossing points and deescalate tensions; [81] the total number of Gazans with work permits in Israel stood at 17,000. [82]
Israel occupied the Gaza Strip during the Six Day War, capturing it from Egypt along with the Sinai peninsula.In 1970, the first Israeli settlement was built. In 1993, as part of the Oslo Accords, the Palestine Liberation Organization and Israel agreed to an outline for Palestinians to self-govern in the Palestinian territories.
During the Israel–Hamas war, the Israeli military ordered mass evacuations in Gaza, resulting in one of the largest displacements of Palestinians since 1948. [4] [5] [a] On 13 October 2023, just one week after Hamas' attack on Israel, Israel instructed 1.1 million Gazans north of the Wadi Gaza, including those in Gaza City, to evacuate within 24 hours. [7]
The Netzarim Corridor [1] is a zone of occupation that Israel has set up in the Gaza Strip during the ongoing Israel-Hamas war. [2] The corridor, which splits the Gaza Strip down the middle, is located just south of Gaza City and stretches from the Gaza-Israel border to the Mediterranean Sea. [3]