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Sophisticated irrigation and water storage systems were developed by the Indus Valley Civilisation, including artificial reservoirs at Girnar dated to 3000 BCE, and an early canal irrigation system from circa 2600 BCE. [39] Archaeological evidence of an animal-drawn plough dates back to 2500 BC in the Indus Valley Civilisation. [4]
Sophisticated irrigation and water storage systems were developed by the Indus Valley Civilization, including artificial reservoirs at Girnar dated to 3000 BCE, and an early canal irrigation system from c. 2600 BCE. [4] Cotton was cultivated in the region by the 5th–4th millennia BCE. [5]
Irrigation contributes significantly to the agriculture in India. Irrigation in India includes a network of major and minor canals from Indian rivers, groundwater well based systems, tanks, and other rainwater harvesting projects for agricultural activities. Of these groundwater system is the largest. [1]
A drinking water supply system was developed starting at least as early as 550 AD. [36] This dhunge dhara or hiti system consists of carved stone fountains through which water flows uninterrupted from underground sources. These are supported by numerous ponds and canals that form an elaborate network of water bodies, created as a water resource ...
The state of Punjab led India's Green Revolution and earned the distinction of being the "breadbasket of India." [1] [2]The Green Revolution was a period that began in the 1960s during which agriculture in India was converted into a modern industrial system by the adoption of technology, such as the use of high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, mechanized farm tools, irrigation facilities ...
Canals and irrigation systems. The oldest known canals were built in Mesopotamia c. 4000 BCE, in what is now Iraq and Syria. The Indus Valley civilisation in India and Pakistan from c3300 BCE had a sophisticated canal irrigation system. [6] In Egypt, canals date back to at least 2300 BCE, when a canal was built to bypass the cataract on the ...
Great Bath, Mohenjo-daro A water well in Lothal Water reservoir, with steps, at Dholavira, Gujarat, India. The ancient Indus Valley Civilization in the Indian subcontinent (located in present-day eastern-Pakistan and north-India) was prominent in infrastructure, hydraulic engineering, and had many water supply and sanitation devices that are the first known examples of their kind.
Despite an extensive river system, safe clean drinking water as well as irrigation water supplies for sustainable agriculture are in shortage across India, in part because it has, as yet, harnessed a small fraction of its available and recoverable surface water resource. India harnessed 761 cubic kilometres (183 cu mi) (20 percent) of its water ...