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A tantalum electrolytic capacitor is an electrolytic capacitor, a passive component of electronic circuits. It consists of a pellet of porous tantalum metal as an anode , covered by an insulating oxide layer that forms the dielectric, surrounded by liquid or solid electrolyte as a cathode .
The materials and processes used to produce niobium-dielectric capacitors are essentially the same as for existing tantalum-dielectric capacitors. The characteristics of niobium electrolytic capacitors and tantalum electrolytic capacitors are roughly comparable. [45]
Aluminium electrolytic capacitors (Al-e-caps) with liquid electrolytes were invented in 1896 by Charles Pollak.. Tantalum electrolytic capacitors with solid manganese dioxide (MnO 2) electrolytes were invented by Bell Laboratories in the early 1950s, as a miniaturized and more reliable low-voltage support capacitor to complement the newly invented transistor, [2] [3] see Tantalum capacitor.
These are primarily aluminum electrolytic capacitors, and tantalum as well as some film capacitors and Class 2 ceramic capacitors. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors, the most common type for power supplies, experience shorter life expectancy at higher ripple currents. Exceeding the limit tends to result in explosive failure. Tantalum ...
Typical impedance curves of X7R and NP0 ceramic capacitors Impedance curves of aluminum electrolytic capacitors (solid lines) and polymer capacitors (dashed lines). A bypass capacitor is often used to decouple a subcircuit from AC signals or voltage spikes on a power supply or other line.
Multilayer ceramic capacitors are increasingly used to replace tantalum and low capacitance aluminium electrolytic capacitors in applications such as bypass or high frequency switched-mode power supplies as their cost, reliability and size becomes competitive. In many applications, their low ESR allows the use of a lower nominal capacitance value.
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