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The distal convoluted tubule has a different structure and function to that of the proximal convoluted tubule. Cells lining the tubule have numerous mitochondria to produce enough energy for active transport to take place. Much of the ion transport taking place in the distal convoluted tubule is regulated by the endocrine system.
The collecting duct system of the kidney consists of a series of tubules and ducts that physically connect nephrons to a minor calyx or directly to the renal pelvis.The collecting duct participates in electrolyte and fluid balance through reabsorption and excretion, processes regulated by the hormones aldosterone and vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone).
Each uriniferous tubule, along with the vasculature supplying it, is embedded in the interstitium. [ 13 ] Approximately 18–26 different cell types have been described in mammalian kidneys, with a large variation in the range due to a lack of consensus on what counts as a particular cell type, and likely to species differences. [ 100 ]
Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. In the first part of the nephron, Bowman's capsule filters blood from the circulatory system into the tubules. Hydrostatic and osmotic pressure gradients facilitate ...
Tubular secretion occurs at Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) and Distal Convoluted Tubule (D.C.T); for example, at proximal convoluted tubule, potassium is secreted by means of sodium-potassium pump, hydrogen ion is secreted by means of active transport and co-transport, i.e. anti-porter, and ammonia diffuses into renal tubule.
Uriniferous tubules: any of the small tubules that are the excretory units of the vertebrate kidney; Uveoscleral pathway: a tubule that drains excess aqueous humor; Vasa efferentia: convoluted tubules that lead from the rete testis to the vas deferens and form the head of the epididymis [2]
The distal tubule of the mammalian kidney is the portion of the nephron located between the macula densa region and the cortical collecting tubule. It consists of various subsegments that differ in structure and function, and it is responsible for reabsorbing 5-10% of filtered sodium and chloride under normal circumstances, as well as playing a ...
Reabsorption is the transport of molecules from this ultrafiltrate and into the peritubular capillary network that surrounds the nephron tubules. [33] It is accomplished via selective receptors on the luminal cell membrane. Water is 55% reabsorbed in the proximal tubule. Glucose at normal plasma levels is completely reabsorbed in the proximal ...