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Repeated, periodic joint effusions of the knee. Usually one knee is affected but sometimes both knees. Other joints may also be involved along with the knee. Effusions are large, restricting range of motion but significant pain is not a feature. There is usually stiffness. Tenderness of the joint may or may not be present. [1]
Knee effusion, informally known as water on the knee, occurs when excess synovial fluid accumulates in or around the knee joint. It has many common causes, including arthritis , injury to the ligaments or meniscus , or fluid collecting in the bursa , a condition known as prepatellar bursitis .
This is a shortened version of the thirteenth chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue. It covers ICD codes 710 to 739 . The full chapter can be found on pages 395 to 415 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9.
Septic arthritis is the purulent invasion of a joint by an infectious agent [5] [6] with a resultant large effusion due to inflammation. [7] Septic arthritis is a serious condition. It can lead to irreversible joint damage in the event of delayed diagnosis or mismanagement.
The prepatellar bursa and the olecranon bursa are the two bursae that are most likely to become infected, or septic. [10] Septic bursitis typically occurs when the trauma to the knee causes an abrasion, though it is also possible for the infection to be caused by bacteria traveling through the blood from a pre-existing infection site. [11]
For those with artificial joint implants, there is a chance of 0.86 to 1.1% of getting infected in a knee joint and 0.3 to 1.7% of getting infected in a hip joint. There are three phases of artificial joint infection: early, delayed and late. [2] Early – infection occurs in less than 3 months. Usual signs and symptoms are fever and joint pain ...
Aspiration of synovial fluid in cases of joint effusion or hemarthrosis can help reduce pressure around the joints, thus providing pain relief. Corticosteroid medications may also be injected into the joint capsule to provide pain relief and anti-inflammatory effects, especially for rheumatoid arthritis and less commonly osteoarthritis.
Joint pain is a common but non-specific sign of joint disease. Signs will depend on the specific disease, and may even then vary. Common signs may include: [citation needed] Decreased range of motion; Stiffness; Effusion; Pneumarthrosis, air in a joint (which is also a common normal finding). Bone erosion; Systemic signs of arthritis such as ...