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Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is the development of a bacterial infection in the peritoneum, despite the absence of an obvious source for the infection. [1] It is specifically an infection of the ascitic fluid – an increased volume of peritoneal fluid. [2] Ascites is most commonly a complication of cirrhosis of the liver. [1]
[5] [2] Complications can include inflammation and ulceration of the colon with tissue death or perforation, which may result in peritonitis. [2] Anemia may develop due to prolonged gastric bleeding. [2] Cysts of Entamoeba can survive for up to a month in soil or for up to 45 minutes under fingernails. [2]
Sterile abdominal surgery, under normal circumstances, causes localised or minimal generalised peritonitis, which may leave behind a foreign body reaction or fibrotic adhesions. However, peritonitis may also be caused by the rare case of a sterile foreign body inadvertently left in the abdomen after surgery (e.g., gauze, sponge).
Vertical pyloromyotomy scar (large) 30 hrs post-op in a one-month-old baby Horizontal pyloromyotomy scar 10 days post-op in a one-month-old baby Horizontal pyloromyotomy scar 35 years post-op in a three-month-old baby. Infantile pyloric stenosis is typically managed with surgery; [18] very few cases are mild enough to be treated medically.
Puerperal infections in the 18th and 19th centuries affected, on average, 6 to 9 women in every 1,000 births, killing two to three of them with peritonitis or sepsis. It was the single most common cause of maternal mortality, accounting for about half of all deaths related to childbirth , and was second only to tuberculosis in killing women of ...
Infections can be fatal and contribute to long-term morbidity and disability among the infants who survive into childhood. [55] Neonatal sepsis effects 128 cases per 1000 live births. Meningitis can occur in the septic infant. [30] Expectant mothers with HSV have a 75% chance of at least one flare-up during their pregnancy. [41]
The only long-term treatment option for the condition is liver transplantation. While awaiting transplantation, people with HRS often receive other treatments that improve the abnormalities in blood vessel tone, including supportive care with medications, or the insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), which is a ...
Meconium peritonitis; X-ray of a newborn with meconium pseudocyst resulting from bowel perforation. In this case the cause was atresia of the terminal ileum.There is a fine rim of calcification surrounding the big pseudocyst which shifts the other intestinal structures outwards.