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Anosmia, also known as smell blindness, is the loss of the ability to detect one or more smells. [1] [2] Anosmia may be temporary or permanent. [3]It differs from hyposmia, which is a decreased sensitivity to some or all smells.
Ageusia (from negative prefix a-and Ancient Greek γεῦσις geûsis 'taste') is the loss of taste functions of the tongue, particularly the inability to detect sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness, and umami (meaning 'savory taste'). It is sometimes confused with anosmia – a loss of the sense of smell.
Anosmia is the inability to perceive odor, or in other words a lack of functioning olfaction.Many patients may experience unilateral or bilateral anosmia. A temporary loss of smell can be caused by a blocked nose or infection. In contrast, a permanent loss of smell may be caused by death of olfactory receptor neurons in the nose or by brain injury in which there is damage to the
Dysgeusia, also known as parageusia, is a distortion of the sense of taste. Dysgeusia is also often associated with ageusia, which is the complete lack of taste, and hypogeusia, which is a decrease in taste sensitivity. [1] An alteration in taste or smell may be a secondary process in various disease states, or it may be the primary symptom.
The cause of congenital anosmia is not fully understood, but it is often linked to the underdevelopment or absence of the olfactory bulbs and tracts. [9] Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation, smell tests, and imaging studies to identify any structural abnormalities in the olfactory system. [10]
Odorants are small molecules present in the environment that bind receptors on the surface of cells called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). [3] ORNs are present in the olfactory epithelium which lines the nasal cavity and are able to signal due to an internal balance of signal molecules which vary in concentration depending on the presence or absence an odorant.
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Hyposmia, or microsmia, [1] is a reduced ability to smell and to detect odors.A related condition is anosmia, in which no odors can be detected.Some of the causes of olfaction problems are allergies, nasal polyps, viral infections and head trauma.