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Haudenosaunee ("People of the Longhouse") is the autonym by which the Six Nations refer to themselves. [14] While its exact etymology is debated, the term Iroquois is of colonial origin. Some scholars of Native American history consider "Iroquois" a derogatory name adopted from the traditional enemies of the Haudenosaunee. [15]
The Great Peacemaker (Skén:nen rahá:wi [4] [ˈskʌ̃ː.nʌ̃ ɾa.ˈhaː.wi] in Mohawk), sometimes referred to as Deganawida or Tekanawí:ta [4] [de.ga.na.ˈwiː.da] in Mohawk (as a mark of respect, some Iroquois avoid using his personal name except in special circumstances) was by tradition, along with Jigonhsasee and Hiawatha, the founder of the Haudenosaunee, commonly called the Iroquois ...
According to oral tradition, the Great Peacemaker approached the Onondaga and other tribes to found the Haudenosaunee. [5] The tradition tells that at the time the Seneca nation debated joining the Haudenosaunee based on the Great Peacemaker's teachings, a solar eclipse took place. The most likely eclipse visible in the area was in 1142 AD.
A map of the Six Nations land cessions. The Six Nations land cessions were a series of land cessions by the Haudenosaunee and Lenape which ceded large amounts of land, including both recently conquered territories acquired from other indigenous peoples in the Beaver Wars, and ancestral lands to the Thirteen Colonies and the United States.
Tribes or ethnic groups in northeast North America, south and east of Lake Ontario and Lake Erie, which had traditions of building longhouses include the Five Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee): Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida and Mohawk.
The History of the Haudenosaunee includes the creation stories and folktales of the Native Americans who formed the confederacy of the Five Nations Iroquois, later the Six Nations Iroquois Confederacy. Historically, these stories were recorded in wampum and recited, only being written down later.
Nevertheless, Haudenosaunee — also known as Iroquois, though many now take a dim view of that label — has long been viewed as an independent nation in the world of lacrosse.
After the Haudenosaunee routed the Erie in 1654 and 1656, the group dispersed. [21] In 1680, a remnant group of Erie surrendered to the Seneca people. [21] Erie descendants merged with Haudenosaunee in Ohio, who lived on the Upper Sandusky Reservation from 1817 to 1832, when Ohio forcibly removed its tribes to Indian Territory.