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The main treaty was opened for signature on 1 December 1959, and officially entered into force on 23 June 1961. [4] The original signatories were the 12 countries active in Antarctica during the International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957–58: Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. [1]
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The treaty set aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve, established freedom of scientific investigation and banned military activity on that continent. This was the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War. The Antarctic Treaty states that contracting to the treaty: is not a renunciation of any previous territorial claim
The Antarctic Treaty, formed on 1 December 1959 and entered into force on 23 June 1961, is a key component for the management of Antarctica and helps provide administration for the continent, which is carried out through consultative member meetings.
Of the 56 signatories to the Antarctic Treaty, a total of 55 countries (as of 2023) [1] operate seasonal (summer) and year-round research stations on the continent. The number of people performing and supporting scientific research on the continent and nearby islands varies from approximately 4,800 during the summer to around 1,200 during the ...
New Zealand is signatory to the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, which comes into effect in 1982. [9] 1982. 20 January Rob Muldoon becomes the first sitting Prime Minister of New Zealand to visit Antarctica. [9] June Antarctic Treaty nations meet in Wellington to discuss the exploitation of Antarctica's ...
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This category is for treaties that were written and opened for signature in the year 1959. For treaties that entered into force in 1959, see Category:Treaties entered into force in 1959 . 1954