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Colombia, [b] officially the Republic of Colombia, [c] is a country primarily located in South America with insular regions in North America.The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east and northeast, Brazil to the southeast, Ecuador and Peru to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest.
[37] [38] Colombia under President Santos showed some progress in the struggle to defend human rights, as expressed by HRW. [39] A Special Jurisdiction of Peace was created to investigate, clarify, prosecute and punish serious human rights violations and grave breaches of international humanitarian law which occurred during the armed conflict ...
As ratified on September 16, 1985, by the then president of Colombia, Belisario Betancur, the law states: "The species commonly known as the Quindío wax palm tree, scientific name Ceroxylon quindiuense, is declared the national tree and symbol of our fatherland. The national government is empowered to buy as much land as needed to create ...
Since 1800, the name Columbia has been used for a wide variety of items and places: The naming of the New World and of the newly independent country of Colombia after Christopher Columbus in the early 19th century is discussed at Colombia § Etymology. In the 1840s, British Columbia, which is now a province of Canada, was named by Queen Victoria.
Rafael Núñez Moledo, the first president, was actually inaugurated in 1884 as the 14th and last president of the United States of Colombia for a two-year constitutional term; in this capacity he was appointed by the National Constituent Assembly of 1885 to serve a new six-year term while the assembly drafted, passed, signed, and implemented a ...
The flags of Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador follow Francisco de Miranda's design of 1806. Also, Bolivia was named after Símon Bolívar, who in turn was president of Colombia, Peru, Bolivia and twice of Venezuela. San Martín served as "President Protector" of Peru.
After the river Jordan, the name of which possibly derives from the Hebrew and Canaanite root ירד yrd – "descend" (into the Dead Sea). The river Jordan forms part of the border between Jordan and Israel/West Bank. Transjordan (former name): Trans means "across" or "beyond", i.e. east of the river Jordan.
It is named after César Gaviria, the 40th president of Colombia, who was born in the city of Pereira. The viaduct links Pereira with Dosquebradas and the cities of Armenia and Manizales. The length of its centre span is 211 metres (692 ft), one of the longest in South America. [19]