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Helicopters with fly-by-wire systems allow a cyclic-style controller to be mounted to the side of the pilot seat. The cyclic is used to control the main rotor in order to change the helicopter's direction of movement. In a hover, the cyclic controls the movement of the helicopter forward, back, and laterally.
In the case of pitch, the entire swashplate is moved along the mainshaft by a one actuator. However, some newer model helicopters remove this mechanically complex separation of functionalities by using three interdependent actuators that can each move the entire swashplate. This is called cyclic/collective pitch mixing (CCPM). The benefit of ...
These two effects, combined with any aft cyclic by the pilot attempting to keep the aircraft level, can cause the rotor blades to blow back and contact the tail boom, in some cases severing it. The tail rotor is geared to the main rotor, so in many helicopters the loss of main rotor RPM also causes a significant loss of tail rotor thrust and a ...
Abrasion strips on helicopter rotor blades are made of metal, often titanium or nickel, which are very hard, but less hard than sand. When a helicopter flies low to the ground in desert environments, sand striking the rotor blade can cause erosion. At night, sand hitting the metal abrasion strip causes a visible corona or halo around the rotor ...
A helicopter has four flight control inputs. These are the cyclic, the collective, the anti-torque pedals, and the throttle. The cyclic control is usually located between the pilot's legs and is commonly called the cyclic stick or just cyclic. On most helicopters, the cyclic is similar to a joystick.
Cyclic/collective pitch mixing (CCPM) is a control concept employed in collective pitch radio-controlled helicopters. [1] CCPM reduces mechanical complexity and increases precision of control of the helicopter rotor's swashplate. Unlike conventional systems in which a single actuator is responsible for a single axis, CCPM mechanisms allow ...
A helicopter's main rotor hub. The vertical rods are at the end of the control chain that starts with the pilot controls. Helicopter flight controls are connected to the main and tail rotors, and include a cyclic stick, broadly to control forward-aft and left-right movements, a collective lever, broadly to control vertical movements, and anti-torque pedals, to control left and right yaw.
Dynamic rollover critical conditions: The forces acting on a helicopter with counterclockwise rotor rotation, and the right skid on the ground. The critical rollover angle is 5°-8°. Once exceeded, main rotor thrust continues the roll, and recovery via cyclic control is impossible. [1]