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Space research is scientific study carried out in outer space, and by studying outer space. From the use of space technology to the observable universe , space research is a wide research field . Earth science , materials science , biology , medicine , and physics all apply to the space research environment.
Space exploration is the use of astronomy and space technology to explore outer space. [1] While the exploration of space is currently carried out mainly by astronomers with telescopes, its physical exploration is conducted both by uncrewed robotic space probes and human spaceflight.
Observational astronomy is focused on acquiring data from observations of astronomical objects. This data is then analyzed using basic principles of physics. Theoretical astronomy is oriented toward the development of computer or analytical models to describe astronomical objects and phenomena. These two fields complement each other.
Socially, these new technologies have created many jobs in areas like engineering, research, and aerospace manufacturing. The growth of the space industry also helps other industries, such as telecommunications and materials engineering, by creating new job opportunities. Environmentally, using reusable rockets helps reduce space debris.
Consequently, astronomy (and other scientific disciplines) are developing information-intensive and data-intensive sub-disciplines to an extent that these sub-disciplines are now becoming (or have already become) standalone research disciplines and full-fledged academic programs.
The International Space Station is a platform for scientific research that requires one or more of the unusual conditions present in low Earth orbit (for example microgravity, -radiation and extreme temperatures). The primary fields of research include human research, space medicine, life sciences, physical sciences, astronomy and meteorology.
Radio astronomy – >300 μm; Submillimetre astronomy – 200 μm to 1 mm; Infrared astronomy – 0.7–350 μm; Optical astronomy – 380–750 nm; Ultraviolet astronomy – 10–320 nm; High-energy astronomy. Cosmic ray astronomy - charged particles with very high kinetic energy; X-ray astronomy – 0.01–10 nm; Gamma-ray astronomy – <0.01 nm
Wavelength sensitivity of Hubble, Webb, Roman, and other major observatories The Hubble Space Telescope, one of the Great Observatories. A space telescope (also known as space observatory) is a telescope in outer space used to observe astronomical objects.
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