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ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55: Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy is an American National Standard published by ASHRAE that establishes the ranges of indoor environmental conditions to achieve acceptable thermal comfort for occupants of buildings. It was first published in 1966, and since 2004 has been updated every three to six years.
ASHRAE Standard 55 sets limits on the allowable temperature differences between various surfaces. Because people are more sensitive to some asymmetries than others, for example that of a warm ceiling versus that of hot and cold vertical surfaces, the limits depend on which surfaces are involved.
The first of the cooling load factors used in this method is the CLTD, or the Cooling Load Temperature Difference. This factor is used to represent the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor air with the inclusion of the heating effects of solar radiation. [1] [5] The second factor is the CLF, or the cooling load factor.
The norm ISO 7730 and the ASHRAE 55 standard give the predicted percentage of dissatisfied occupants (PPD) as a function of the radiant temperature asymmetry and specify the acceptable limits. In general, people are more sensitive to asymmetric radiation caused by a warm ceiling than that caused by hot and cold vertical surfaces.
Sol-air temperature (T sol-air) is a variable used to calculate cooling load of a building and determine the total heat gain through exterior surfaces. It is an improvement over: It is an improvement over:
In the last 24 hours, temperatures fell 15 to 25 degrees in parts of Minnesota and Wisconsin, and 5 to 15 degrees throughout much of the Midwest. This quick cool-down will travel east for Sunday.
Operative temperature is used in heat transfer and thermal comfort analysis in transportation and buildings. [10] Most psychrometric charts used in HVAC design only show the dry bulb temperature on the x-axis(abscissa), however, it is the operative temperature which is specified on the x-axis of the psychrometric chart illustrated in ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55 – Thermal Environmental Conditions ...
Fluid temperatures in the heating and cooling plant (e.g. boilers, chillers, heat pumps). Influences the efficiency; Fluid temperatures in distribution network between the plant and the radiant manifolds. Influences the capital and operating costs; Fluid temperatures in the PE-x piping systems, which is based on; [26] Heating and cooling demands