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Pleurodesis is performed to prevent recurrence of spontaneous pneumothorax or pleural effusion, and can be done chemically or mechanically. It is generally avoided in patients with cystic fibrosis if possible, because lung transplantation becomes more difficult following this procedure.
Pleurodesis is the obliteration of the pleural space, achieved by adhering the visceral pleura on the lung surface to the costal pleura of the chest wall. Adhesion is caused by inflammation and subsequent scarring of the pleural layers. Inflammation may be induced by either physical or chemical irritation.
If the fluid is caused by tumors of the pleura, it may build up again quickly after it is drained. Sometimes anti-tumor medicines prevent further fluid buildup. If they do not, the doctor may seal the pleural space. This is called pleurodesis. Pleurodesis involves the drainage of all the fluid out of the chest through a chest tube.
Pleurodesis · Lung transplantation: Cardiovascular: Angioplasty · Valvuloplasty: Pericardiectomy · Endarterectomy: Cardiotomy · Pericardiotomy: Heart transplantation: Lymphatic: Tonsillectomy · Adenoidectomy · Thymectomy · Splenectomy · Lymphadenectomy
Thoracoscopy was first performed by Sir Francis Cruise of the Mater Misericordiae Hospital in Dublin in conjunction with Dr Samuel Gordon in 1865. [2] It was further developed by Hans Christian Jacobaeus, a Swedish internist in 1910 for the treatment of tuberculous intra-thoracic adhesions.
Thoracentesis / ˌ θ ɔː r ə s ɪ n ˈ t iː s ɪ s /, also known as thoracocentesis (from Greek θώραξ (thōrax, GEN thōrakos) 'chest, thorax' and κέντησις (kentēsis) 'pricking, puncture'), pleural tap, needle thoracostomy, or needle decompression (often used term), is an invasive medical procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space for diagnostic or therapeutic ...
In case of inflammatory and infectious indications, excision of the fifth rib may be necessary to achieve adequate surgical exposure if there is rib crowding. [ 6 ] Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) approach: VATS pneumonectomy is a safe and feasible treatment for advanced malignant and benign diseases and has lower morbidity.
VATS may also be used to achieve chemical pleurodesis; this involves insufflation of talc, which activates an inflammatory reaction that causes the lung to adhere to the chest wall. [ 12 ] [ 15 ] If a chest tube is already in place, various agents may be instilled through the tube to achieve chemical pleurodesis , such as talc, tetracycline ...