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The 2-10-4 Texas wheel arrangement originated and was principally used in the United States. The evolution of this locomotive type began as a 2-10-2 Santa Fe type with a larger four-wheeled trailing truck that would allow an enlarged firebox.
Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad No. 643 is the sole survivor of the class H-1 2-10-4 "Texas type" steam locomotives built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1944 for the Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad, primarily used for hauling heavy mainline freight trains in Pennsylvania and Ohio, until retirement in 1952.
No. 5017 was built by Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1944 during World War II. The 5017, along with the 5011 Class 2-10-4's, were nicknamed "War Babies" by the AT&SF. It entered service on July 20 of that year and was assigned to freight service on the Pecos division, the Mountain Division of New Mexico.
Although Santa Fe 3829 was the first steam locomotive with the 2-10-4 wheel arrangement, Santa Fe 5000 served as the prototype for all further 2-10-4 locomotives used by the railroad. In 1930, Santa Fe looked at the contemporary heavy-duty motive power policies of other railroads and decided that its own needed substantial reappraisal. [2]
During World War II, the PRR needed heavier locomotives to pull freight and military equipment, but wartime restrictions prohibited the development of a new locomotive design. In response to this the Pennsylvania Railroad borrowed a 2-6-6-4 Class A of the Norfolk and Western Railway and a 2-10-4 from the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway. Both ...
In 1930, the C&O ordered the first of forty 2-10-4 "Texas"-types from Lima, which they classified as the T-1 class, and they shared identical design features with the Erie’s 2-8-4s. [ 1 ] The T-1s were equipped with a trailing truck booster that exerted 15,275 pounds-force (67.95 kN) of tractive effort.
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In 1926, Baldwin Locomotive Works constructed an experimental demonstrator, the Baldwin 60000, which was a three-cylinder compound locomotive, the only 4-10-2 so constructed. This engine used high-pressure steam in the inside cylinder and then exhausted that steam into the two low-pressure outside cylinders.