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A variable force solenoid (VFS) is an electro-hydraulic device that controls pressure proportionally or inversely proportionally to a signal (voltage or current) obtained from the on-board controller of a powertrain. A low flow VFS is used as a signal level devices for transmission line pressure control or application of clutches.
The solenoid can be useful for positioning, stopping mid-stroke, or for low velocity actuation; especially in a closed loop control system. A uni-directional solenoid would actuate against an opposing force or a dual solenoid system would be self cycling. The proportional concept is more fully described in SAE publication 860759 (1986).
The solenoid valve regulates the amount of oil pumped by the cam action to either the valve or a bypass reservoir. When pressurized, the hydraulic line behaves like a solid body and transmits the lift schedule imparted by the intake cam directly to the intake valve. When the solenoid is disengaged, a spring takes over valve actuation duties.
This equation is valid for a solenoid in free space, which means the permeability of the magnetic path is the same as permeability of free space, μ 0. If the solenoid is immersed in a material with relative permeability μ r, then the field is increased by that amount: =.
A small solenoid can generate a limited force. An approximate relationship between the required solenoid force F s, the fluid pressure P, and the orifice area A for a direct acting solenoid valve is: [3] = = where d is the orifice diameter. A typical solenoid force might be 15 N (3.4 lb f).
A transmission solenoid or cylinoid is an electro-hydraulic valve that controls fluid flow into and throughout an automatic transmission. Solenoids can be normally open or normally closed. They operate via a voltage or current supplied by the transmission computer or controller.
2 on/off solenoids Shift quality 6 Variable Force Solenoids · 1 for each clutch · 1 for TCC Torque converter clutch Variable Force Solenoid ECCC · 2 path · turbine damper Converter size 238 mm (9.37 in) 258 mm (10.16 in) Fluid type DEXRON High Performance ATF Fluid capacity 10.8 L (11.4 US qt) [a] 10.3 L (10.9 US qt) [b] Weight 80 kg (176 ...
André-Marie Ampère (UK: / ˈ æ m p ɛər /, US: / ˈ æ m p ɪər /; [1] French: [ɑ̃dʁe maʁi ɑ̃pɛʁ]; 20 January 1775 – 10 June 1836) [2] was a French physicist and mathematician who was one of the founders of the science of classical electromagnetism, which he referred to as electrodynamics.