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The first constitutive equation (constitutive law) was developed by Robert Hooke and is known as Hooke's law.It deals with the case of linear elastic materials.Following this discovery, this type of equation, often called a "stress-strain relation" in this example, but also called a "constitutive assumption" or an "equation of state" was commonly used.
In engineering, physics, and chemistry, the study of transport phenomena concerns the exchange of mass, energy, charge, momentum and angular momentum between observed and studied systems. While it draws from fields as diverse as continuum mechanics and thermodynamics , it places a heavy emphasis on the commonalities between the topics covered.
According to van der Waals, the theorem of corresponding states (or principle/law of corresponding states) indicates that all fluids, when compared at the same reduced temperature and reduced pressure, have approximately the same compressibility factor and all deviate from ideal gas behavior to about the same degree.
Constitutive equation; Laws of science; Defining equation (physical chemistry) List of equations in classical mechanics; Table of thermodynamic equations; List of equations in wave theory; List of electromagnetism equations; List of relativistic equations; List of equations in fluid mechanics; List of equations in gravitation; List of photonics ...
In physics, there are equations in every field to relate physical quantities to each other and perform calculations. Entire handbooks of equations can only summarize most of the full subject, else are highly specialized within a certain field. Physics is derived of formulae only.
This constitutive equation is also called the Newton law of viscosity. The total stress tensor σ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\sigma }}} can always be decomposed as the sum of the isotropic stress tensor and the deviatoric stress tensor ( σ ′ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\sigma }}'} ):
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The definition also implies that the constitutive equations are spatially local; that is, the stress is only affected by the state of deformation in an infinitesimal neighborhood of the point in question, without regard for the deformation or motion of the rest of the material. It also implies that body forces (such as gravity), and inertial ...