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Stereopsis (from Ancient Greek στερεός 'solid' and ὄψις (ópsis) 'appearance, sight') is the component of depth perception retrieved through binocular vision. [1] Stereopsis is not the only contributor to depth perception, but it is a major one.
Stereopsis is merely relative because a greater or lesser disparity for nearby objects could either mean that those objects differ more or less substantially in relative depth or that the foveated object is nearer or further away (the further away a scene is, the smaller is the retinal disparity indicating the same depth difference).
The distinction between screening for the presence of stereopsis and a measurement of stereoacuity is valuable. To ascertain that depth can be seen in a binocular views, a test must be easily administered and not subject to deception.
These differences, referred to as binocular disparity, provide information that the brain can use to calculate depth in the visual scene, providing a major means of depth perception. [17] There are two aspects of stereopsis : the nature of the stimulus information specifying stereopsis, and the nature of the brain processes responsible for ...
Stereoscopy creates the impression of three-dimensional depth from a pair of two-dimensional images. [5] Human vision, including the perception of depth, is a complex process, which only begins with the acquisition of visual information taken in through the eyes; much processing ensues within the brain, as it strives to make sense of the raw information.
Binocular neurons create depth perception through computation of relative and absolute disparity created by differences in the distance between the left and right eyes. Binocular neurons in the dorsal and ventral pathways combine to create depth perception, however, the two pathways perform differ in the type of stereo computation they perform. [7]
In 1833, an English scientist Charles Wheatstone discovered stereopsis, the component of depth perception that arises due to binocular disparity.Binocular disparity comes from the human eyes having a distance between them: A 3D scene viewed through the left eye creates a slightly different image than the same scene viewed with the right eye, with the head kept in the same position.
Binocular disparity refers to the difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyes' horizontal separation ().The mind uses binocular disparity to extract depth information from the two-dimensional retinal images in stereopsis.