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Naraka (Sanskrit: नरक) is the realm of hell in Indian religions. According to schools of Hinduism , Jainism and Buddhism , Naraka is a place of torment. The word Neraka (modification of Naraka ) in Indonesian and Malaysian has also been used to describe the Islamic concept of Hell .
Naraka, as a whole, is known by many names conveying that it is the realm of Yama. Yamālaya, Yamaloka, Yamasādana and Yamalokāya mean the abode of Yama. Yamakṣaya (the akṣaya of Yama) and its equivalents like Vaivasvatakṣaya use pun for the word kṣaya, which can be mean abode or destruction. It is also called Saṃyamanī, "where ...
Influenced by the special connotations that a word for space might have for a nomadic people, loka in the Veda did not simply mean place or world, but had a positive valuation: it was a place or position of religious or psychological interest with a special value or function of its own. Hence, inherent in the 'loka' concept in the earliest ...
Early texts are not explicit about how these realms are to be interpreted; however, they can be seen as states of consciousness. The realm of deva symbolising the purer and spiritual stages of consciousness, humans relating to the abilities of reason and logic, animals and hunger ghosts especially can be seen as an image of instinct and Naraka would represent the accumulated dukkha from past ...
He judges the souls of the dead and, depending on their deeds, assigns them to the realm of the Pitris (forefathers), Naraka (hell), or to be reborn on the earth. Yama is one of the Lokapalas (guardians of the realms), appointed as the protector of the south direction. He is often depicted as a dark-complexioned man riding a buffalo and ...
Patala, Naraka or Yamaloka Hittite mythology: Dankuš daganzipaš/Dankuš tekan (dark earth) Hopi mythology: Maski Hungarian mythology: Alvilág: Inca mythology: Uku Pacha: Inuit mythology: Adlivun: Islamic mythology: Jahannam, Sijjin: Jainism: Naraka, Adho Loka (the lower world) Shinto: Yomi 黄泉, Ne-no-Kuni 根の国, Jigoku 地獄 Jewish ...
Naraka नरक or Niraya निरय (Tibetan: དམྱལ་བ་, Wylie: dmyal ba; Vietnamese: Địa Ngục hoặc Na-Lạc-Ca; Burmese: ငရဲ; Thai: นรก) is the name given to one of the worlds of greatest suffering, usually translated into English as "hell" or "purgatory". These are realms of extreme sufferings.
Patala is composed of seven realms/dimensions or lokas, [6] [7] the seventh and lowest of them is also called Patala or Naga-loka, the region of the Nagas. The Danavas (children of Danu ), Daityas (children of Diti ), Rakshas and the snake-people Nagas (serpent-human formed sons of Kadru ), live in the realms of Patala.