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Cost–volume–profit (CVP), in managerial economics, is a form of cost accounting. It is a simplified model, useful for elementary instruction and for short-run decisions. It is a simplified model, useful for elementary instruction and for short-run decisions.
A retail pricing strategy where retail price is set at double the wholesale price. For example, if a cost of a product for a retailer is £100, then the sale price would be £200. In a competitive industry, it is often not recommended to use keystone pricing as a pricing strategy due to its relatively high profit margin and the fact that other ...
Therefore this pricing strategy is typically coupled at the regulatory level with an annual rate adjustment mechanism (also known as revenue-decoupling policy). [1] Volumetric pricing requires metering that can be expensive to implement, especially in the case of irrigation, alternatives include: [2] [3] [4] flat rate;
Cost based or cost-plus pricing is the approach of pricing service parts using cost as a base and then adding a standard markup on top to get the price for the service part. Cost based pricing is a popular technique and arguably still the most prevalent in the service parts pricing field.
Cost-plus pricing is a pricing strategy by which the selling price of a product is determined by adding a specific fixed percentage (a "markup") to the product's unit cost. Essentially, the markup percentage is a method of generating a particular desired rate of return. [1] [2] An alternative pricing method is value-based pricing. [3]
High–low pricing (or hi–low pricing) is a type of pricing strategy adopted by companies, usually small and medium-sized retail firms, where a firm initially charges a high price for a product and later, when it has become less desirable, sells it at a discount or through clearance sales. [1]
One 1992 study stated that 26% of American supermarket retailers pursued some form of EDLP, meaning that the other 74% promoted high-low pricing strategies. [2]A 1994 study of an 86-store supermarket grocery chain in the United States concluded that a 10% EDLP price decrease in a category increased sales volume by 3%, while a 10% high-low price increase led to a 3% sales decrease.
Value-based price, also called value-optimized pricing or charging what the market will bear, is a market-driven pricing strategy which sets the price of a good or service according to its perceived or estimated value. [1]