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Acetic acid, CH 3 COOH, is an acid because it donates a proton to water (H 2 O) and becomes its conjugate base, the acetate ion (CH 3 COO −). H 2 O is a base because it accepts a proton from CH 3 COOH and becomes its conjugate acid, the hydronium ion, ( H 3 O + ).
In chemistry, an acid–base reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base.It can be used to determine pH via titration.Several theoretical frameworks provide alternative conceptions of the reaction mechanisms and their application in solving related problems; these are called the acid–base theories, for example, Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory.
For example, anhydrous acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) as solvent is a weaker proton acceptor than water. Strong aqueous acids such as hydrochloric acid and perchloric acid are only partly dissociated in anhydrous acetic acid and their strengths are unequal; in fact perchloric acid is about 5000 times stronger than hydrochloric acid in this solvent. [3]
It can be prepared by treating a potassium-containing base such as potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate with acetic acid: CH 3 COOH + KOH → CH 3 COOK + H 2 O. This sort of reaction is known as an acid-base neutralization reaction. At saturation, the sesquihydrate in water solution (CH 3 COOK·1½H 2 O) begins to form semihydrate at 41.3 ...
acetyl chloride SOCl 2 acetic acid (i) Li[AlH 4], ether (ii) H 3 O + ethanol Two typical organic reactions of acetic acid Acetic acid undergoes the typical chemical reactions of a carboxylic acid. Upon treatment with a standard base, it converts to metal acetate and water. With strong bases (e.g., organolithium reagents), it can be doubly deprotonated to give LiCH 2 COOLi. Reduction of acetic ...
In chemistry, autoprotolysis is a molecular autoionization, a chemical reaction in which a proton is transferred between two identical molecules, one of which acts as a Brønsted acid, releasing a proton that is accepted by the other molecule, which acts as a Brønsted base. [1]
A conjugate acid, within the Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, is a chemical compound formed when an acid gives a proton (H +) to a base—in other words, it is a base with a hydrogen ion added to it, as it loses a hydrogen ion in the reverse reaction.
Acid–base extraction is a subclass of liquid–liquid extractions and involves the separation of chemical species from other acidic or basic compounds. [1] It is typically performed during the work-up step following a chemical synthesis to purify crude compounds [2] and results in the product being largely free of acidic or basic impurities.