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Rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) is a medication made up of antibodies against the rabies virus. [10] It is used to prevent rabies following exposure. [10] It is given after the wound is cleaned with soap and water or povidone-iodine and is followed by a course of rabies vaccine. [10] It is given by injection into the site of the wound and into a ...
Rabies can be difficult to diagnose because, in the early stages, it is easily confused with other diseases or even with a simple aggressive temperament. [63] The reference method for diagnosing rabies is the fluorescent antibody test (FAT), an immunohistochemistry procedure, which is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). [64]
ATC code J06 Immune sera and immunoglobulins is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.
The treatment consists of a series of injections of rabies vaccine and immunoglobulin. [7] Rabies vaccine is given to both humans and animals who have been potentially exposed to rabies. [8] As of 2018, the average estimated cost of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis was US$ 108 (along with travel costs and loss of income). [9]
After exposure, the vaccination is typically used along with rabies immunoglobulin. [11] It is recommended that those who are at high risk of exposure be vaccinated before potential exposure. [11] Rabies vaccines are effective in humans and other animals, and vaccinating dogs is very effective in preventing the spread of rabies to humans. [11]
Immunoglobulin therapy is the use of a mixture of antibodies (normal human immunoglobulin) to treat several health conditions. [13] [14] These conditions include primary immunodeficiency, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Kawasaki disease, certain cases of HIV/AIDS and measles, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and certain other infections when a ...
3D still showing rabies virus structure. Rhabdoviruses have helical symmetry, so their infectious particles are approximately cylindrical in shape. They are characterized by an extremely broad host spectrum ranging from plants [citation needed] to insects [citation needed] and mammals; human-infecting viruses more commonly have icosahedral symmetry and take shapes approximating regular polyhedra.
Serum horses proved to be saviors of diphtheria-infected people. Subsequently, treatment of tetanus, rabies, and snake venom developed, and proactive protective vaccination against diphtheria and other microbial diseases began. In 1901, Behring won the first Nobel Prize in Medicine for his work in the study of diphtheria.