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At one time, the cryptogams were formally recognised as a group within the plant kingdom. In his system for classification of all known plants and animals, Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778) divided the plant kingdom into 24 classes, [1] one of which was the "Cryptogamia". This included all plants with concealed reproductive organs.
The gymnosperms (/ ˈ dʒ ɪ m n ə ˌ s p ɜːr m z,-n oʊ-/ ⓘ JIM-nə-spurmz, -noh-; lit. ' revealed seeds ') are a group of woody, perennial seed-producing plants, typically lacking the protective outer covering which surrounds the seeds in flowering plants, that include conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes, forming the clade Gymnospermae [2] The term gymnosperm comes from the ...
Three goals of plant taxonomy are the identification, classification and description of plants. The distinction between these three goals is important and often overlooked. Plant identification is a determination of the identity of an unknown plant by comparison with previously collected specimens or with the aid of books or identification manuals.
Plants are the eukaryotes that form the kingdom Plantae; they are predominantly photosynthetic.This means that they obtain their energy from sunlight, using chloroplasts derived from endosymbiosis with cyanobacteria to produce sugars from carbon dioxide and water, using the green pigment chlorophyll.
Combined with the five-kingdom model, this created a six-kingdom model, where the kingdom Monera is replaced by the kingdoms Bacteria and Archaea. [16] This six-kingdom model is commonly used in recent US high school biology textbooks, but has received criticism for compromising the current scientific consensus. [ 13 ]
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Poaceae at The Plant List; Learn about grasses at The Story of the Poaceae "Grasses" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. XI (9th ed.). 1880. pp. 53–60. Gramineae Archived 2007-01-03 at the Wayback Machine at The Families of Flowering Plants (DELTA) Archived 2007-01-03 at the Wayback Machine; Poaceae at the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website
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