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A Gonaqua man and woman (1839) The Gonaqua (or Ghonaqua or Gonaguas, meaning "borderers") were an Khoikhoi ethnic group, descendants of a very old union between the Khoikhoi and the Xhosa. [1] This union predates the arrival of Europeans in South Africa. The Gonaqua have been regarded as outcasts by the Bantus.
He is first recorded as a wealthy Khoikhoi businessman, land-owner and community leader among the Gonaqua Khoi people of the Kat River Settlements, near the Eastern Cape frontier. Kat River was a large, successful and predominantly Khoi region of the Cape , that subsisted more or less autonomously.
The Khoikhoi ("men of men") or Khoi are pastoralists of Southwestern Africa. They were once known to Europeans as the Hottentots , a name that is now considered derogatory. The main article for this category is Khoikhoi .
As a young man in the 1830s, he was recorded as a powerful leader of the Gonaqua ("Gona") Khoi at the Kat River Settlements. In 1834, the Surveyor General of the Cape Colony, W.F. Hertzog, recorded him as having originally arrived at Kat River in 1829, among the followers of Khoi leader Kobus Boezak who had migrated from Theopolis.
After apartheid, Khoekhoe activists have worked to restore their lost culture, and affirm their ties to the land. Khoekhoe and Khoisan groups have brought cases to court demanding restitution for 'cultural genocide and discrimination against the Khoisan nation’, as well as land rights and the return of Khoesan corpses from European museums. [21]
It consisted mostly of the Khoi chiefdoms (Gonaqua, Hoengeniqua, Inqua and others) that had been displaced by colonists and became incorporated into the Xhosa nation. Khwane kaLungane, a counselor and warrior under King Tshiwo, was chosen to lead the new chiefdom. This marked the start of his Khwane dynasty, which would lead the chiefdom for ...
The people were predominantly Afrikaans-speaking Gonaqua Khoi, but the settlement also began to attract other Khoi, Xhosa and mixed-race groups of the Cape. The so-called "Bushman wars" [ year needed ] were to a large extent the response of the San after their dispossession.
However, Hottentot also continued to be used through the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries in a wider sense, to include all of the people now usually referred to with the modern term Khoisan (not only the Khoikhoi, but also the San people, hunter-gatherer populations from the interior of southern Africa who had not been known to ...