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  2. Melayu Islam Beraja - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melayu_Islam_Beraja

    The idea of the Kesultanan Melayu Islam (Islamic Malay Sultanate) was first used in 1957 and was supported by Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III based on the initial recommendations of the 'Jawatankuasa Tujuh Serangkai' A series. It was finally referred to as the MIB in the declaration of independence in 1984.

  3. Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_ibn_Sahl_Rabban_al-Tabari

    Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari (Persian: علی ابن سهل ربن طبری آملی; c. 838 – c. 870 CE; also given as 810–855 [1] or 808–864 [2] also 783–858 [3]), was a Persian [4] [5] Muslim scholar, physician and psychologist, who produced one of the first Islamic encyclopedia of medicine titled Firdaws al-Hikmah ("Paradise of Wisdom").

  4. Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oemar_Said_Tjokroaminoto

    Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto (16 August 1882 – 17 December 1934), [1] better known in Indonesia as H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto, was an Indonesian nationalist.He became one of the leaders of the Islamic Trade Union (Indonesian: Syarekat Dagang Islam), founded by Samanhudi, which became Sarekat Islam, which they both cofounded.

  5. Islam and nationalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_and_nationalism

    The relationship between Islam and nationalism, from the beginnings of Islam until today, has often been tense, with both Islam and nationalism generally opposing each other. Quran and hadith [ edit ]

  6. Sharia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharia

    They accused secular leaders of corruption and predatory behavior, and claimed that a return to Sharia would replace despotic rulers with pious leaders striving for social and economic justice. In the Arab world these positions are often encapsulated in the slogan "Islam is the solution" (al-Islam huwa al-hall). [205]

  7. Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christiaan_Snouck_Hurgronje

    Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkrɪstijaːn ˈsnuk ɦʏrˈɣrɔɲə]; 8 February 1857 – 26 June 1936) was a Dutch scholar of Oriental cultures and languages and advisor on native affairs to the colonial government of the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia).

  8. Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam

    Islam [a] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, [9] the religion's founder. Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number approximately 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians.

  9. Moderation in Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moderation_in_Islam

    Wasat, also called wasatiyyah (وسط, وسطية) is the Arabic word for best, middle, centered, balanced, middle way or moderation [1] in the Islamic context, meanwhile Qasd and Iqtisad (اقتصاد) are other terms for moderation in Islam, which mean "right way," "middle way," and "honest, truthful way."