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  2. History of the International Phonetic Alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the...

    The International Phonetic Association was founded in Paris in 1886 under the name Dhi Fonètik Tîtcerz' Asóciécon (The Phonetic Teachers' Association), a development of L'Association phonétique des professeurs d'Anglais ("The English Teachers' Phonetic Association"), to promote an international phonetic alphabet, designed primarily for English, French, and German, for use in schools to ...

  3. International Phonetic Alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic...

    The IPA specifies that they mark the obscured sound, [18] as in ⸨2σ⸩, two audible syllables obscured by another sound. The current extIPA specifications prescribe double parentheses for the extraneous noise, such as ⸨cough⸩ for a cough by another person (not the speaker) or ⸨knock⸩ for a knock on a door, but the IPA Handbook ...

  4. Benjamin Franklin's phonetic alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin's...

    This set consisted of two new letters, in addition to five letters from the existing English alphabet: α, e, i, o, u. The first new letter was formed as a ligature of the letters o and α – – and used to represent a sound that is roughly [ ɔ ] as transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).

  5. History of Ohio University - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Ohio_University

    The first three students of Ohio University enrolled in 1809 [25] and Ohio University graduated two students with bachelor's degrees in 1815. [26] Like many of the first American universities, Ohio University was planned to be outside major metropolitan areas to protect academe and studies from busy life, while later public universities would ...

  6. Americanist phonetic notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americanist_phonetic_notation

    Americanist phonetic notation, also known as the North American Phonetic Alphabet (NAPA), the Americanist Phonetic Alphabet or the American Phonetic Alphabet (APA), is a system of phonetic notation originally developed by European and American anthropologists and language scientists (many of whom were Neogrammarians) for the phonetic and phonemic transcription of indigenous languages of the ...

  7. IPA vowel chart with audio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA_vowel_chart_with_audio

    The symbols shown include those in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) and added material. The chart is based on the official IPA vowel chart. [1] The International Phonetic Alphabet is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet.

  8. Visible Speech - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visible_Speech

    To help promote the system, Bell created two written short forms using his system of 29 modifiers and tones, 52 consonants, 36 vowels and a dozen diphthongs: [2] they were named World English, which was similar to the International Phonetic Alphabet, and also Line Writing, used as a shorthand form for stenographers.

  9. IPA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPA

    IPA commonly refers to: International Phonetic Alphabet, a system of phonetic notation International Phonetic Association, behind the alphabet;

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