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2. Pressure vacuum breaker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_vacuum_breaker

   A pressure vacuum breaker (PVB) is a type of backflow prevention device, used to keep non-potable (or contaminated) water from entering the water supply. A PVB is similar to an atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB), except that the PVB contains a spring-loaded poppet. This makes it acceptable for applications that are high hazard or where valves are ...

3. Backflow prevention device - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backflow_prevention_device

   Backflow prevention device. The simplest, most reliable way to provide backflow prevention is to provide an air gap.An air gap is simply an open vertical space between any device that connects to a plumbing system (like a valve or faucet) and any place where contaminated water can collect or pool.

4. Vacuum breaker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_breaker

   A vacuum breaker is a device that prevents water from being siphoned backward in a direction it is not desired to go. They are commonly placed on a bibcock valve or toilet or urinal flush valve, in which application they can prevent hose or drainage water from back-siphoning into the public drinking water system.

5. Vacuum ejector - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_Ejector

   In an ejector, a working fluid (liquid or gaseous) flows through a jet nozzle into a tube that first narrows and then expands in cross-sectional area. The fluid leaving the jet is flowing at a high velocity which due to Bernoulli's principle results in it having low pressure, thus generating a vacuum. The outer tube then narrows into a mixing ...

6. Atmospheric vacuum breaker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_vacuum_breaker

   If the pressure in the "upstream side" is reduced to atmospheric pressure or below, the poppet valve drops and allows air to enter the system, breaking the siphon. [1] One-Inch Brass Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker mounted on PVC Pipe. These devices, since they work on atmospheric principles, cannot be installed in an enclosure containing air ...

7. Reduced pressure zone device - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduced_pressure_zone_device

   A reduced pressure zone device (RPZD, RPZ, or RPZ valve) is a type of backflow prevention device used to protect water supplies from contamination. RPZDs may also be known as reduced pressure principle (RP), reduced pressure principle backflow prevention devices, [1] [2] reduced pressure zone assemblies (RPZA), [3] or reduced pressure principle ...