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The region was originally called Sapta Sindhu Rivers, [2] the Vedic land of the seven rivers originally: Saraswati, Indus, Sutlej, Jehlum, Chenab, Ravi, and Beas. [3] The Sanskrit name for the region, as mentioned in the Ramayana and Mahabharata for example, was Pañcanada which means literally "Five Waters", and was translated from Sanskrit to Farsi as Panj-Âb after the Islamic conquests.
The undivided Punjab, of which Punjab (Pakistan) forms a major region today, was home to a large minority population of Sikhs and Hindus unto 1947 apart from the Muslim majority. [213] The Gurdaspur district which is partially now part of the Indian state of Punjab had a slight Muslim majority (50.2% according to the 1941 census ) prior to the ...
A map of the Punjab region c. 1947. The Punjab—the region of the five rivers east of Indus: Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas, and Sutlej—consists of inter-fluvial doabs ('two rivers'), or tracts of land lying between two confluent rivers (see map on the right): the Sindh-Sagar doab (between Indus and Jhelum); the Jech doab (Jhelum/Chenab);
A map of the distribution of native Punjabi speakers in India and Pakistan. With effect from 1 November 1966, there was yet another reorganisation, this time on linguistic lines, when the state of Punjab as constituted in 1956 was divided into three: the mostly Hindi-speaking part became the present-day Indian state of Haryana and the mostly Punjabi-speaking part became the present-day Punjab ...
A map of the Punjab region c. 1947 showing the different doabs. People of the Majha region are given the demonym "Mājhī" or "Majhail". Most inhabitants of the region speak the Majhi dialect , which is the basis of the standard register of the Punjabi language in Indian Punjab. [ 4 ]
The archives of all Administrative Departments from the time Punjab was annexed in 1849 are also stored at the Punjab Archives. In addition to this, the archive also houses gazettes and census reports containing important historical data. In total, it is estimated that the Punjab Archives house over 80,000 books and 700,000 official files.
Before the Partition of India in 1947, hundreds [citation needed] of princely states, also called native or Indian states, existed in India. These states were not a part of British India but functioned as British protectorates under a subsidiary alliance and some indirect rule .
In Jammu and Kashmir, a state with a Muslim majority but a Hindu ruler, the Maharaja hoped to remain independent but acceded to India on 27 October 1947 at the outset of the invasion of Jammu and Kashmir by Pakistan — leading to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. On 31 March 1948, Kalat acceded to Pakistan, although the brother of the Khan led a ...