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Very often, cis–trans stereoisomers contain double bonds or ring structures. In both cases the rotation of bonds is restricted or prevented. [4] When the substituent groups are oriented in the same direction, the diastereomer is referred to as cis, whereas when the substituents are oriented in opposing directions, the diastereomer is referred to as trans.
2-Hexyne can be semihydrogenated to yield 2-hexene or fully hydrogenated to hexane. [3] With appropriate noble metal catalysts it can selectively form cis-2-hexene. [4] 2-Hexyne can act as a ligand on gold atoms. [5] With strong sulfuric acid, the ketone 2-hexanone is produced. However this reaction also causes polymerization and charring. [6]
trans-1,3-Disubstituted cyclohexanes are like cis-1,2- and cis-1,4- and can flip between the two equivalent axial/equatorial forms. [ 2 ] Cis -1,4-Di- tert -butylcyclohexane has an axial tert -butyl group in the chair conformation and conversion to the twist-boat conformation places both groups in more favorable equatorial positions.
In larger rings (8 or more atoms), cis–trans isomerism of the double bond may occur. This stability pattern forms part of the origin of Bredt's rule , the observation that alkenes do not form at the bridgehead of many types of bridged ring systems because the alkene would necessarily be trans in one of the rings.
In organic chemistry, hexene is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C 6 H 12. The prefix "hex" is derived from the fact that there are 6 carbon atoms in the molecule, while the " -ene " suffix denotes that there is an alkene present—two carbon atoms are connected via a double bond .
E–Z configuration, or the E–Z convention, is the IUPAC preferred method of describing the absolute stereochemistry of double bonds in organic chemistry.It is an extension of cis–trans isomer notation (which only describes relative stereochemistry) that can be used to describe double bonds having two, three or four substituents.
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The descriptors cis (Latin, on this side of) [2] and trans (Latin, over, beyond) [3] are used in various contexts for the description of chemical configurations: [4] [5] In organic structural chemistry , the configuration of a double bond can be described with cis and trans , in case it has a simple substitution pattern with only two residues.