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The names of pyroglutamic acid conjugate base, anion, salts, and esters are pyroglutamate, 5-oxoprolinate, or pidolate. Formation of pyroglutamic acid from N-terminal glutamine. It is a metabolite in the glutathione cycle that is converted to glutamate by 5-oxoprolinase. Pyroglutamate is found in many proteins including bacteriorhodopsin.
In enzymology, a 5-oxoprolinase (ATP-hydrolysing) (EC 3.5.2.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. ATP + 5-oxo-L-proline + 2 H 2 O ADP + phosphate + L-glutamate. The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, 5-oxo-L-proline, and H 2 O, whereas its 3 products are ADP, phosphate, and L-glutamate.
Hydrolysis of the amino group of glutamine yielding glutamate and ammonium. Catalyzing enzyme: glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2) 2. Glutamate can be excreted or can be further metabolized to α-ketoglutarate. For the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate three different reactions are possible: Catalyzing enzymes: glutamate dehydrogenase (GlDH), EC ...
Most amino acids are synthesized from α-ketoacids, and later transaminated from another amino acid, usually glutamate. The enzyme involved in this reaction is an aminotransferase. α-ketoacid + glutamate ⇄ amino acid + α-ketoglutarate. Glutamate itself is formed by amination of α-ketoglutarate: α-ketoglutarate + NH + 4 ⇄ glutamate
−4.5 174.203 5.78 MGR, CGY [d] Asparagine: Asn N Amide Polar Neutral −3.5 132.119 3.93 AAY Aspartate: Asp D Anion Brønsted base: Negative −3.5 133.104 5.49 GAY Cysteine: Cys C Thiol Brønsted acid Neutral 2.5 250 0.3 121.154 1.38 UGY Glutamine: Gln Q Amide Polar Neutral −3.5 146.146 3.9 CAR Glutamate: Glu E Anion Brønsted base ...
Al Roker Just Shared the High-Protein, Low-Carb Breakfast He Loves—and It Just Has 5 Ingredients. Carrie Myers, M.S. January 28, 2025 at 5:35 PM. Reviewed by Dietitian Annie Nguyen, M.A., RD.
The glutamate/GABA–glutamine cycle is a metabolic pathway that describes the release of either glutamate or GABA from neurons which is then taken up into astrocytes (non-neuronal glial cells). In return, astrocytes release glutamine to be taken up into neurons for use as a precursor to the synthesis of either glutamate or GABA.
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