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Tanks were initially deployed in World War I, engineered to overcome the deadlock of trench warfare.Between the two world wars, tanks were further developed.Although they had demonstrated their battlefield effectiveness, only a few nations had the industrial resources to design and build them.
The Allies introduced the tank to overcome the deadlock of static positions but mechanical unreliability prevented them from doing so. The Germans used specially-trained stormtroopers to great effect in 1918, during Operation Michael, breaching the Allied trench lines and allowing supporting infantry to pour through a wide breach in the front ...
A cruiser tank, or cavalry tank, was designed to move fast and exploit penetrations of the enemy front. The idea originated in "Plan 1919", a British plan to break the trench deadlock of World War I in part via the use of high-speed tanks.
What was needed to overcome the deadlock and give attackers an advantage was light, portable, simple, and inexpensive heavy firepower. A way to provide this was by designing a series of heavy trench mortars which could be brought to forward area trenches to launch heavy, short ranged preparatory bombardments to clear obstacles and neutralize ...
Western Front; Part of the European theatre of World War I: Clockwise from top left: Men of the Royal Irish Rifles, concentrated in the trench, right before going over the top on the First day on the Somme; British soldier carries a wounded comrade from the battlefield on the first day of the Somme; A young German soldier during the Battle of Ginchy; American infantry storming a German bunker ...
Trench warfare is a type of land warfare using occupied lines largely comprising military trenches, in which combatants are well-protected from the enemy's small arms ...
A box barrage could also be used to prevent the enemy from reinforcing a position to be attacked. In a trench raid of March 1917, the 1st Battalion the Buffs were supported first by a creeping barrage, then by a box barrage once they were in the enemy trenches, to prevent German reinforcement or counter-attack. It was aided with dummy ...
Sapping is a term used in siege operations to describe the digging of a covered trench (a "sap" [1]) to approach a besieged place without danger from the enemy's fire. [2] The purpose of the sap is usually to advance a besieging army's position towards an attacked fortification.