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A telegraph code is one of the character encodings used to transmit information by telegraphy. Morse code is the best-known such code.Telegraphy usually refers to the electrical telegraph, but telegraph systems using the optical telegraph were in use before that.
The electric telegraph was slower to develop in France due to the established optical telegraph system, but an electrical telegraph was put into use with a code compatible with the Chappe optical telegraph. The Morse system was adopted as the international standard in 1865, using a modified Morse code developed in Germany in 1848. [1]
The Modern International Morse code, or continental code, was created by Friedrich Clemens Gerke in 1848 and initially used for telegraphy between Hamburg and Cuxhaven in Germany. Gerke changed nearly half of the alphabet and all of the numerals , providing the foundation for the modern form of the code.
This is one of a set of articles on telegraphy. Morse code abbreviations are used to speed up Morse communications by foreshortening textual words and phrases. Morse abbreviations are short forms, representing normal textual words and phrases formed from some (fewer) characters taken from the word or phrase being abbreviated.
[1] [2] Before about 1910, the term wireless telegraphy was also used for other experimental technologies for transmitting telegraph signals without wires. [3] [4] In radiotelegraphy, information is transmitted by pulses of radio waves of two different lengths called "dots" and "dashes", which spell out text messages, usually in Morse code.
Diagram of a telegraph key used to send messages in Morse code. Procedural signs or prosigns are shorthand signals used in Morse code telegraphy, for the purpose of simplifying and standardizing procedural protocols for landline and radio communication.
The international Morse code adopted was considerably modified from the original American Morse code, and was based on a code used on Hamburg railways (Gerke, 1848). [49] A common code was a necessary step to allow direct telegraph connection between countries.
American Morse Code — also known as Railroad Morse—is the latter-day name for the original version of the Morse Code developed in the mid-1840s, by Samuel Morse and Alfred Vail for their electric telegraph.