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Various semiconductor diodes. Left: A four-diode bridge rectifier.Next to it is a 1N4148 signal diode.On the far right is a Zener diode.In most diodes, a white or black painted band identifies the cathode into which electrons will flow when the diode is conducting.
The switching time is ~100 ps for the small-signal diodes, and up to tens of nanoseconds for special high-capacity power diodes. With p–n-junction switching, there is also a reverse recovery current, which in high-power semiconductors brings increased EMI noise. With Schottky diodes, switching is essentially "instantaneous" with only a slight ...
Compared with signal diodes, rectifier diodes generally have higher current ratings, can have much higher reverse voltage ratings, but have higher leakage current and greater junction capacitance. [16] The following table lists part numbers in the 1N400x, 1N540x, and other popular general-purpose silicon rectifier diode families.
Whereas normal semiconductor diodes have a roughly fixed voltage drop of around 0.5 to 1 volts, active rectifiers behave as resistances, and can have arbitrarily low voltage drop. Historically, vibrator -driven switches or motor-driven commutators have also been used for mechanical rectifiers and synchronous rectification.
semiconductor switch An electronic power switch with semiconductor valve devices. [ac] semiconductor valve device An electronic valve device which is a semiconductor device. sequential phase control Asymmetrical phase control such that the delay angles are determined according to a given sequence. single converter
A variety of silicon diodes of different current ratings. At left is a bridge rectifier. On the 3 center diodes, a painted band identifies the cathode terminal. Silicon diodes are the most widely used rectifiers for lower voltages and powers, and have largely replaced other rectifiers. Due to their substantially lower forward voltage (0.3V ...
A PIN diode switch can switch much more quickly (e.g., 1 microsecond), although at lower RF frequencies it isn't reasonable to expect switching times in the same order of magnitude as the RF period. For example, the capacitance of an "off"-state discrete PIN diode might be 1 pF. At 320 MHz, the capacitive reactance of 1 pF is 497 ohms:
A fast diode is a faster-than-standard current rectifier.The terms "fast" and "ultrafast" are in comparison to standard rectifiers designed for low-frequency applications such as rectifying sinusoidal current supplied from the AC mains.
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