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Following Joseph Stalin's consolidation of power in the 1920s, [3] the post of the general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party became synonymous with leader of the Soviet Union, [4] because the post controlled both the Communist Party [5] and, via party membership, the Soviet government. [3]
It lists heads of state, heads of government, and heads of the local branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Commonly referred to as Soviet Russia or simply Russia, [ 1 ] the Russian SFSR was a sovereign state in 1917–1922, the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union in 1922–1991 ...
Under the 1977 Constitution, the Supreme Soviet was the highest organ of state power and the sole organ in the country to hold legislative authority. [6] Sessions of the Supreme Soviet were convened by the Presidium twice a year; however, special sessions could be convened on the orders of a Union Republic. [6]
List of leaders of Russia may refer to: List of heads of government of Russia; List of heads of state of Russia; List of leaders of the Soviet Union;
Since then, communist parties have governed numerous countries, whether as ruling parties in one-party states like the Chinese Communist Party or the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, or as ruling parties in multi-party systems, including majority and minority governments as well as leading or being part of several coalitions.
The office of the President of the Soviet Union was introduced in 1990 during Mikhail Gorbachev's unsuccessful reforms of the Soviet Union's one-party communist state. Gorbachev became first and last president of the Union. [2]
On 30 December 1922, the Russian Soviet Republic, along with the Soviet pro-Bolshevik republics of Ukraine, Belarus and the Southern Caucasus were merged into the Soviet Union, with the Russian SFSR authorities holding the authority of the highly centralized country, which was governed by a leader of the Communist Party or a collective leadership .
The Council of Ministers of the Russian Empire, created in November 1905, was preceded by a number of cabinet-like institutions. Oldest of them was the Supreme Privy Council, created in 1726 by the empress Catherine I. Considering weakness of her and her successor's powers, the Council acted as government of the Russian Empire until 1731. Its ...