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Although goby-like in many ways, sleeper gobies lack the pelvic fin sucker and that, together with other morphological differences, is used to distinguish the two families. The Gobiidae and Eleotridae likely share a common ancestor and they are both placed in the order Gobiiformes, along with a few other small families containing goby-like fishes.
The sleeper gobies are a family of twenty six genera and 126 species found in freshwater and mangrove habitats throughout the tropical and temperate parts of the world as far north as the eastern United States and as far south as Stewart Island, New Zealand, except for the eastern Atlantic.
Butis butis, the crazy fish, duckbill sleeper, or upside-down sleeper, is a species of sleeper goby that are native to brackish and freshwater coastal habitats of the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean from the African coast to the islands of Fiji. They prefer well-vegetated waters and can frequently be found in mangrove swamps.
Valenciennea is a genus of small, bottom-dwelling fish in the family Gobiidae.They are found over sandy bottoms, often at coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific.The members of the genus tend to rest directly on the substrate for extended periods of time.
Sleeper goby may refer to three families of goby formerly classified as part of the single family Eleotridae, and a genus from the family Gobiidae:
Valenciennea puellaris, the Orange-spotted sleeper-goby, Orange-dashed goby, or Maiden goby, Diamond Watchman goby, is a species of goby native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. It inhabits lagoons and outer reefs where it occurs on sandy substrates with larger pieces of rubble to burrow under.
They are especially diverse in New Guinea, Australia and New Zealand where they can be important components of brackish and freshwater ecosystems. [3] They are mostly quite small species but the marbled goby ( Oxyeleotris marmorata ) is a freshwater species of Buitdae from Southeast Asia that can grow to 65 cm (25.6 in) long and is an important ...
Eleotris sandwicensis, commonly known as the Sandwich Island sleeper, the Hawaiian sleeper, or oʻopu, is a species of fish in the family Eleotridae. Endemic to the Hawaiian Islands , it can be found in marine, fresh, and brackish waters around the coast.