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The frame problem occurs even in very simple domains. A scenario with a door, which can be open or closed, and a light, which can be on or off, is statically represented by two propositions and .
The event calculus was developed in part as an alternative to the situation calculus, [6] [7] as a solution to the frame problem, of representing and reasoning about the way in which actions and other events change the state of some world. There are many variants of the event calculus.
This representation of fluents is used in the event calculus, in the fluent calculus, and in the features and fluents logics. Some fluents can be represented as functions in a different way. For example, the position of a box can be represented by a function o n ( b o x , t ) {\displaystyle on(box,t)} whose value is the object the box is ...
The frame problem is solved by asserting that the situation after the execution of an action is identical to the one before but for the conditions changed by the action. For example, the action of moving the box from the table to the floor is formalized as:
The version of the situation calculus introduced by McCarthy in 1986 differs to the original one by the use of functional fluents (e.g., (,) is a term representing the position of x in the situation s) and for an attempt to use circumscription to replace the frame axioms.
A traditional snickerdoodle recipe includes unsalted butter, granulated sugar, eggs, all-purpose flour, cream of tartar, baking soda and salt.
This is known as the frame rule (named after the frame problem) and enables local reasoning. It says that a program that executes safely in a small state (satisfying P {\displaystyle P} ), can also execute in any bigger state (satisfying P ∗ R {\displaystyle P\ast R} ) and that its execution will not affect the additional part of the state ...
British mobile phone company O2 has unveiled an “AI granny” called Daisy who is helping combat fraud by wasting scammers’ time with long phone calls.