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2. Esophageal varices - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esophageal_varices

   Varices can also form in other areas of the body, including the stomach (gastric varices), duodenum (duodenal varices), and rectum (rectal varices). Treatment of these types of varices may differ. In some cases, schistosomiasis also leads to esophageal varices. [citation needed]

3. Gastrointestinal bleeding - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_bleeding

   Despite treatment, re-bleeding occurs in about 7–16% of those with upper GI bleeding. [3] In those with esophageal varices, bleeding occurs in about 5–15% a year and if they have bled once, there is a higher risk of further bleeding within six weeks. [13] Testing and treating H. pylori if found can prevent re-bleeding in those with peptic ...

4. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_gastrointestinal...

   People are usually stratified into having either variceal or non-variceal sources of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, as the two have different treatment algorithms and prognosis. [citation needed] The causes for upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage include the following: Esophageal causes (gastrorrhagia): Esophageal varices; Esophagitis ...

5. Portal hypertensive gastropathy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal_hypertensive_gastro...

   Patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy may experience bleeding from the stomach, which may uncommonly manifest itself in vomiting blood or melena; however, portal hypertension may cause several other more common sources of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, such as esophageal varices and gastric varices. On endoscopic evaluation of the ...

6. Sengstaken–Blakemore tube - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sengstaken–Blakemore_tube

   The esophageal balloon should not remain inflated for more than six hours, to avoid necrosis. The gastric lumen is used to aspirate stomach contents. [citation needed] Generally, Sengstaken–Blakemore tubes and Minnesota tubes are used only in emergencies where bleeding from presumed varices is impossible to control with medication alone.

7. Gastric varices - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastric_varices

   Type 2 Gastroesophageal Varices: Esophagus extending to greater curvature of stomach; Type 1 Gastric Varices: Isolated to the fundus; Type 2 Gastric Varices: Anywhere in the stomach, or duodenum; Type 1 isolated gastric varices were seen only in primary cases (i.e. without prior sclerotherapy) in the original study of Sarin et al. (1992), while ...

8. Balloon tamponade - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balloon_tamponade

   Minnesota four-lumen tube, with esophageal and gastric balloons, and esophageal and gastric aspirates. Balloon tamponade is considered a bridge to more definitive treatment modalities, and is usually administered in the emergency department or in the intensive-care unit setting, due to the illness of patients and the complications of the procedure.

9. Therapeutic endoscopy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutic_endoscopy

   Sclerotherapy has also been used in the treatment of gastric varices since the late 1980s. [5] In this case Histoacryl glue (cyanoacrylate) is commonly used as the sclerosant. [6] This technique is favoured over band ligation because the position of the varices in the stomach, most often in the gastric fundus, makes the placing of bands very ...