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The key difference from here documents is that, in here documents, the delimiters are on separate lines; the leading and trailing newlines are stripped. Unlike here documents, here strings do not use delimiters. Here strings are particularly useful for commands that often take short input, such as the calculator bc: $
Command-line completion in Bash. Completion features assist the user in typing commands at the command line, by looking for and suggesting matching words for incomplete ones. Completion is generally requested by pressing the completion key (often the Tab ↹ key). Command name completion is the completion of
Ctrl+l : Clears the screen content (equivalent to the command clear). Ctrl+n : recalls the next command (equivalent to the key ↓). Ctrl+o : Executes the found command from history, and fetch the next line relative to the current line from the history for editing. Ctrl+p : recalls the prior command (equivalent to the key ↑).
Commands with long or difficult to spell filenames can be entered by typing the first few characters and pressing a completion key, which completes the command or filename. In the case of multiple possible completions, some command-line interpreters, especially Unix shells, will list all possible completions beginning with those few characters.
read is a command found on Unix and Unix-like operating systems such as Linux. It reads a line of input from standard input or a file passed as an argument to its -u flag, and assigns it to a variable.
When a user presses the tab key within an interactive command-shell, Bash automatically uses command line completion, since beta version 2.04, [47] to match partly typed program names, filenames and variable names. The Bash command-line completion system is very flexible and customizable, and is often packaged with functions that complete ...
Windows PowerShell, a command processor based on .NET Framework. PowerShell, a command processor based on .NET; Hamilton C shell, a clone of the Unix C shell by Hamilton Laboratories; Take Command Console (4NT), a clone of CMD.EXE with added features by JP Software; Take Command, a newer incarnation of 4NT
Related programs such as shells based on Python, Ruby, C, Java, Perl, Pascal, Rexx etc. in various forms are also widely available. Another somewhat common shell is Old shell (osh), whose manual page states it "is an enhanced, backward-compatible port of the standard command interpreter from Sixth Edition UNIX." [6] So called remote shells such as