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A surgical site infection (SSI) develop when bacteria infiltrate the body through surgical incisions. [1] These bacteria may come from the patient's own skin , the surgical instruments , or the environment in which the procedure is performed.
The risk of complications after surgery can be reduced by: maintaining blood glucose levels in the normal range and constant evaluation of surgical site infection. [ 2 ] [ 26 ] There is insufficient evidence to show that whether applying cyanoacrylate microbial sealants on the wound site before operation is effective in reducing surgical site ...
Methods to decrease surgical site infections in spine surgery include the application of antiseptic skin preparation (a.g. Chlorhexidine gluconate in alcohol which is twice as effective as any other antiseptic for reducing the risk of infection [9]), judicious use of surgical drains, prophylactic antibiotics, and vancomycin. [10]
Staphylococcus aureus biofilm is the predominant cause of orthopedic implant-related infections, but is also found on cardiac implants, vascular grafts, various catheters, and cosmetic surgical implants.
The World Health Organization (WHO) published the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in 2008 in order to increase the safety of patients undergoing surgery. [1] The checklist serves to remind the surgical team of important items to be performed before and after the surgical procedure in order to reduce adverse events such as surgical site infections or retained instruments. [1]
Postoperative fever refers to an elevated body temperature (≥ 38.5 °C) occurring after a recent surgical procedure. Diagnosing the cause of postoperative fever can sometimes be challenging; while fever in this context may be benign, self-limited, or unrelated to the surgical procedure, it can also be indicative of a surgical complication, such as infection.
Nosocomial infections can cause severe pneumonia and infections of the urinary tract, bloodstream and other parts of the body. [9] [10] Many types display antimicrobial resistance, which can complicate treatment. [11] In the UK about 300,000 patients were affected in 2017, and this was estimated to cost the NHS about £1 billion a year. [12]
Infection of the surgical site, which may cause secondary haemorrhaging, cellulitis or abscess, can result from poor surgical technique, poor oral hygiene, or smoking. [17] Prevention of infection is promoted by advising the patient to maintain oral hygiene and the use of an antiseptic mouthwash, such as chlorhexidine , immediately before and ...