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Lobectomies share many of the complications that come with a pneumonectomy. However, additional risks that can result from a lobectomy include empyema, which is an area of pus in the chest cavity, as well as pleural effusion, which occurs as a result of fluid in the space between the lung and inner chest wall. [39]
A pleural effusion is accumulation of excessive fluid in the pleural space, the potential space that surrounds each lung.Under normal conditions, pleural fluid is secreted by the parietal pleural capillaries at a rate of 0.6 millilitre per kilogram weight per hour, and is cleared by lymphatic absorption leaving behind only 5–15 millilitres of fluid, which helps to maintain a functional ...
However, pulmonary hypertension (revealed via physical examination), in the presence of pleural effusion (done via CT scan) usually indicates a diagnosis of pulmonary veno-occlusive disease. The prognosis indicates usually a 2-year (24 month) life expectancy after diagnosis. [9] [10]
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is interstitial lung disease for which no obvious cause can be identified (idiopathic) and is associated with typical findings both radiographic (basal and pleural-based fibrosis with honeycombing) and pathologic (temporally and spatially heterogeneous fibrosis, histopathologic honeycombing, and fibroblastic foci).
A pleural effusion is sometimes present that is exudative (fluid that leaks out of blood vessels). [21] This is detectable by decreased percussion note, audible breath sounds, and vocal resonance. The strain on the right ventricle may be detected as a left parasternal heave, a loud pulmonary component of the second heart sound , and/or raised ...
Ideally, after the surgery, the sequestration steals less blood flow from the fetus, and the heart and lungs start growing more normally as the sequestration shrinks in size and the pleural effusion goes away. The treatment for this is a wedge resection, segmentectomy, or lobectomy via a VATS procedure or thoracotomy.
These are common presenting symptoms of chronic and cardiogenic pulmonary edema due to left ventricular failure. The development of pulmonary edema may be associated with symptoms and signs of "fluid overload" in the lungs; this is a non-specific term to describe the manifestations of right ventricular failure on the rest of the body.
This can be life-threatening. [12] Here, digital chest drainage systems can provide real time information as they monitor intra-pleural pressure and air leak flow, constantly. [ 13 ] Keeping vigilant about chest tube clogging is imperative for the team taking care of the patient in the early postoperative period.