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Silicon dioxide, also known as silica, is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula SiO 2, commonly found in nature as quartz. [5] [6] In many parts of the world, silica is the major constituent of sand. Silica is one of the most complex and abundant families of materials, existing as a compound of several minerals and as a synthetic product.
Silicon is the eighth most common element in the universe by mass, but very rarely occurs as the pure element in the Earth's crust. It is widely distributed throughout space in cosmic dusts , planetoids , and planets as various forms of silicon dioxide (silica) or silicates .
Naturally occurring silicon is found in silicate and aluminosilicate minerals. One of the most common silicon compounds found in the Earth's crust is silicon dioxide or silica, which often occurs as quartz. Organosilicon compounds are fairly stable due to the similarity in strength of the Si–C bond to the C–C bond.
Abundance (atom fraction) of the chemical elements in Earth's upper continental crust as a function of atomic number; [5] siderophiles shown in yellow Graphs of abundance against atomic number can reveal patterns relating abundance to stellar nucleosynthesis and geochemistry.
A compound semiconductor is a semiconductor compound composed of chemical elements of at least two different species. These semiconductors form for example in periodic table groups 13–15 (old groups III–V), for example of elements from the Boron group (old group III, boron, aluminium, gallium, indium) and from group 15 (old group V, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth).
Additional elements found in ore which may have adverse health affects in organisms include iron, lead, uranium, zinc, silicon, titanium, sulfur, nitrogen, platinum, and chromium. [52] Exposure to these elements may result in respiratory and cardiovascular problems and neurological issues. [ 52 ]
Zeolite exhibited in the Estonian Museum of Natural History. Zeolite is a family of several microporous, crystalline aluminosilicate materials commonly used as commercial adsorbents and catalysts. [1] They mainly consist of silicon, aluminium, oxygen, and have the general formula M n+ 1/n (AlO 2) − (SiO 2) x ･y H 2 O where M n+ 1/n is ...
Silicon cycle and balance in the modern world ocean [1] Input, output, and biological silicon fluxes, with possible balance. Total silicon inputs = total silicon outputs = 15.6 Tmol Si yr −1 in reasonable agreement with the individual range of each flux.