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A liver metastasis is a malignant tumor in the liver that has spread from another organ affected by cancer. The liver is a common site for metastatic disease because of its rich, dual blood supply (the liver receives blood via the hepatic artery and portal vein). Metastatic tumors in the liver are 20 times more common than primary tumors.
Liver cancer can be primary in which the cancer starts in the liver, or it can be liver metastasis, or secondary, in which the cancer spreads from elsewhere in the body to the liver. Liver metastasis is the more common of the two liver cancers. [3] Instances of liver cancer are increasing globally. [8] [9]
Simple liver cysts are seen most commonly in women and kids. [2] In terms of pathophysiology, they are formed in response to developmental events and in response to trauma and inflammation. [2] In addition, liver cysts can be seen with polycystic kidney disease and echinococcosis infection (hydatid disease). [2] [12] Pseudotumors:
In populations largely protected by hepatitis B vaccination, such as the United States, HCC is most often linked to causes of cirrhosis such as chronic hepatitis C, obesity, and excessive alcohol use. [20] Certain benign liver tumors, such as hepatocellular adenoma, may sometimes be associated with coexisting malignant HCC. Evidence is limited ...
Metastases that exist in the lung, breast, prostate, colon, thyroid, and further organs can also enter the liver or bone. [12] Cancers that are already present in certain organs and tissues can produce alkaline phosphatase elevations if metastasis is not present.
The tumor in the lung is then called metastatic breast cancer, not lung cancer. Metastasis is a key element in cancer staging systems such as the TNM staging system, where it represents the "M". In overall stage grouping, metastasis places a cancer in Stage IV. The possibilities of curative treatment are greatly reduced, or often entirely ...
Hepatic artery embolization, also known as trans-arterial embolization (TAE), is one of the several therapeutic methods to treat primary liver tumors or metastases to the liver. The embolization therapy can reduce the size of the tumor, and decrease the tumor's impact such its hormone production, effectively decreasing symptoms.
FLC accounts for 1–10% of primary liver cancers. [24] It typically has a young age at presentation when compared to conventional HCC. Previously it was estimated to be 20–40 years, mean ages 27 years, [ 25 ] but when analysis is restricted to those patients who are confirmed with a molecular test to have FLC, the age range is 10-40 and mean ...