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  2. DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA

    In biology, parts of the DNA double helix that need to separate easily, such as the TATAAT Pribnow box in some promoters, tend to have a high AT content, making the strands easier to pull apart. [29] In the laboratory, the strength of this interaction can be measured by finding the melting temperature T m necessary to break half of the hydrogen ...

  3. Nucleic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid

    Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid containing the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. The chemical DNA was discovered in 1869, but its role in genetic inheritance was not demonstrated until 1943. The DNA segments that carry this genetic information are called genes.

  4. DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_replication

    In molecular biology, [1] [2] [3] DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. [4] DNA replication occurs in all living organisms acting as the most essential part of biological inheritance .

  5. DNA synthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_synthesis

    DNA synthesis is the natural or artificial creation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules. DNA is a macromolecule made up of nucleotide units, which are linked by covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds, in a repeating structure.

  6. DNA annotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_annotation

    In molecular biology and genetics, DNA annotation or genome annotation is the process of describing the structure and function of the components of a genome, [2] by analyzing and interpreting them in order to extract their biological significance and understand the biological processes in which they participate. [3]

  7. Ribonucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribonucleotide

    Both types of pentoses in DNA and RNA are in their β-furanose (closed five-membered ring) form and they define the identity of a nucleic acid. DNA is defined by containing 2'-deoxy-ribose nucleic acid while RNA is defined by containing ribose nucleic acid. [1] In some occasions, DNA and RNA may contain some minor bases.

  8. Genome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome

    The definition of 'genome' that is commonly used in the scientific literature is usually restricted to the large chromosomal DNA molecules in bacteria. [ 14 ] Nuclear genome

  9. Molecular genetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_genetics

    Molecular genetics is a branch of biology that addresses how differences in the structures or expression of DNA molecules manifests as variation among organisms. Molecular genetics often applies an "investigative approach" to determine the structure and/or function of genes in an organism's genome using genetic screens.