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Neither the standard model of particle physics nor the theory of general relativity provides a known explanation for why this should be so, and it is a natural assumption that the universe is neutral with all conserved charges. [3] The Big Bang should have produced equal amounts of matter and antimatter. Since this does not seem to have been ...
This imbalance has to be exceptionally small, on the order of 1 in every 1 630 000 000 (≈ 2 × 10 9) particles a small fraction of a second after the Big Bang. [4] After most of the matter and antimatter was annihilated, what remained was all the baryonic matter in the current universe, along with a much greater number of bosons.
All the particles that make up the matter around us, such electrons and protons, have antimatter versions which are nearly identical, but with mirrored properties such as the opposite electric charge.
The local geometry of the universe is determined by whether the relative density Ω is less than, equal to or greater than 1. From top to bottom: a spherical universe with greater than critical density (Ω>1, k>0); a hyperbolic, underdense universe (Ω<1, k<0); and a flat universe with exactly the critical density (Ω=1, k=0). The spacetime of ...
There appears to be very little antimatter - and on Earth almost none. What's more, matter and antimatter are incompatible. If they touch, they blow up, a phenomenon called annihilation.
The distribution of known baryons in the universe. [14] The census of known baryons in the universe tallied to around 60% of total baryons until the resolution of the missing baryon problem. This is in distinction from composition of the entire universe which includes dark energy and dark matter of which baryonic matter composes only 5%. [19]
The Ambidextrous Universe is a popular science book by Martin Gardner, covering aspects of symmetry and asymmetry in human culture, science and the wider universe. It culminates in a discussion of whether nature's conservation of parity (the symmetry of mirrored quantum systems ) is ever violated, which had been proven experimentally in 1956 .
The vacuum energy density of the Universe based on 2015 measurements by the Planck collaboration is ρ vac = 5.96 × 10 −27 kg/m 3 ≘ 5.3566 × 10 −10 J/m 3 = 3.35 GeV/m 3 [16] [note 1] or about 2.5 × 10 −47 GeV 4 in geometrized units.