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In human anatomy, the wrist is variously defined as (1) the carpus or carpal bones, the complex of eight bones forming the proximal skeletal segment of the hand; [1] [2] (2) the wrist joint or radiocarpal joint, the joint between the radius and the carpus [2] and; (3) the anatomical region surrounding the carpus including the distal parts of the bones of the forearm and the proximal parts of ...
In tetrapods, the carpus is the sole cluster of bones in the wrist between the radius and ulna and the metacarpus. The bones of the carpus do not belong to individual fingers (or toes in quadrupeds), whereas those of the metacarpus do. The corresponding part of the foot is the tarsus. The carpal bones allow the wrist to move and rotate ...
The joints are: In the wrist there is the radiocarpal joint between the radius and carpus. Between the carpal bones are the intercarpal articulations and the midcarpal joint. The carpometacarpal joint connects the carpal bones to the metacarpus or metacarpal bones which are joined at the intermetacarpal articulations.
Joints of the hand, X-ray. The bones in each carpal row interlock with each other and each row can therefore be considered a single joint. In the proximal row a limited degree of mobility is possible, but the bones of the distal row are connected to each other and to the metacarpal bones by strong ligaments that make this row and the metacarpus a functional entity.
The carpometacarpal (CMC) joints are five joints in the wrist that articulate the distal row of carpal bones and the proximal bases of the five metacarpal bones.. The CMC joint of the thumb or the first CMC joint, also known as the trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint, differs significantly from the other four CMC joints and is therefore described separately.
Optimal wrist function requires stability of the carpal components in all joint positions under static and dynamic conditions. Stability is achieved by a sophisticated geometry of articular surfaces and intricate system of ligaments, retinacula , and tendons , which also determine the relative motion of the carpal bones.
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The radius is a long bone, prism-shaped and slightly curved longitudinally. The radius is part of two joints: the elbow and the wrist. At the elbow, it joins with the capitulum of the humerus, and in a separate region, with the ulna at the radial notch. At the wrist, the radius forms a joint with the ulna bone.