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Proxima Centauri has a relatively large proper motion—moving 3.85 arcseconds per year across the sky. [53] It has a radial velocity towards the Sun of 22.2 km/s. [5] From Proxima Centauri, the Sun would appear as a bright 0.4-magnitude star in the constellation Cassiopeia, similar to that of Achernar or Procyon from Earth. [nb 6]
Proxima Centauri b is the closest exoplanet to Earth, [20] at a distance of about 4.2 ly (1.3 parsecs). [5] It orbits Proxima Centauri every 11.186 Earth days at a distance of about 0.049 AU, [1] over 20 times closer to Proxima Centauri than Earth is to the Sun. [21] As of 2021, it is unclear whether it has an eccentricity [e] [24] but Proxima Centauri b is unlikely to have any obliquity. [25]
Distance Spectral type Stellar radius (R ☉) Stellar mass (M ☉) Apparent magnitude (V) Absolute magnitude (V) Notes Sun: 1.58 × 10-5 (149,600,000 km) G2V 1 -26.74 [117] 4.83 [117] The star at the centre of the Solar System. Alpha Centauri A (Rigil Kentaurus) 4.344 ± 0.002: G2V [51] 1.2175 ± 0.0055 [52] 1.0788 ± 0.0029 [52] 0.01 [53] 4.38 ...
The closest system is Alpha Centauri, with Proxima Centauri as the closest star in that system, at 4.2465 light-years from Earth. The brightest, most massive and most luminous object among those 131 is Sirius A , which is also the brightest star in Earth's night sky ; its white dwarf companion Sirius B is the hottest object among them.
A light-year is the distance light travels in one Julian year, around 9461 billion kilometres, 5879 billion miles, or 0.3066 parsecs. In round figures, a light year is nearly 10 trillion kilometres or nearly 6 trillion miles. Proxima Centauri, the closest star to Earth after the Sun, is around 4.2 light-years away. [89]
The closest star to Earth, Proxima Centauri (PC), is still about 8000 times further away from us than Pluto. Propelling a probe to PC will require a much higher cruising speed than we can ...
'Oumuamua had an incoming V inf of 26.5 kilometres per second (59,000 mph), but due to its low perihelion distance of only 0.255 au, it had an eccentricity of 1.200. However, Borisov's V inf was only slightly higher, at 32.3 km/s (72,000 mph), but due to its higher perihelion distance of ~2.003 au, its eccentricity was a comparably higher 3.340.
Proxima Centauri c is a super-Earth or mini-Neptune about 7 times as massive as Earth, orbiting at roughly 1.49 AU (223 million km; 139 million mi) every 1,928 days (5.28 yr). [3] Due to its large mass and its distance from Proxima Centauri, the exoplanet is uninhabitable and too cold for liquid water to exist on the surface, with an ...