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Kurma (Sanskrit: कूर्म, lit. 'Turtle' or 'Tortoise'), is the second avatar of the Hindu preserver deity, Vishnu.Originating in Vedic literature such as the Yajurveda as being synonymous with the Saptarishi called Kashyapa, Kurma is most commonly associated in post-Vedic literature such as the Puranas.
In Britain, terrapin is used to refer to a larger group of semiaquatic turtles than the restricted meaning in America. [6] [9] Australian usage is different from both American and British usage. [8] Land tortoises are not native to Australia, and traditionally freshwater turtles have been called "tortoises" in Australia. [10]
Tortoises are the most herbivorous group, consuming grasses, leaves, and fruits. [61] Many turtle species, including tortoises, supplement their diet with eggshells, animal bones, hair, and droppings for extra nutrients. [62] Turtles generally eat their food in a straightforward way, though some species have special feeding techniques. [13]
The Second Incarnation of Vishnu as Kurma 'The Tortoise' The Churning of the Ocean (paint on paper) In Hinduism, Kurma is the second Avatar of Vishnu, in the form of a turtle. [4] [5] The World Turtle in Hindu belief is known as Akupāra, or sometimes Chukwa, a chiranjeevi. [6]
The World Turtle in Hindu mythology is known as Akūpāra (Sanskrit: अकूपार), or sometimes Chukwa.An example of a reference to the World Turtle in Hindu literature is found in Jñānarāja (the author of Siddhantasundara, writing c. 1500): "A vulture, whichever has only little strength, rests in the sky holding a snake in its beak for a prahara [three hours].
A tortoise at the back door of a house or in the backyard by a pond is said to attract good fortune and many blessings. Three tortoises stacked on top of each other represent a mother and her babies. [37] In Daoist art, the tortoise is an emblem of the triad of earth-humankind-heaven. [38] The tortoise is a symbol of longevity. [2]
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The Pinta Island tortoise was originally described in 1877 by German-born British herpetologist Albert Günther, who named it Testudo abingdonii in his book The Gigantic Land-tortoises (Living and Extinct) in the Collection of the British Museum. [5] [11] The name abingdonii derives from Abingdon Island, now more commonly known as Pinta Island.