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ADHD is the only disorder of attention currently defined by the DSM-5 or ICD-10. Formal diagnosis is made by a qualified professional. It includes demonstrating six or more of the following symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity-impulsivity (or both). [25] [26]
The ACDU scale, like AVPU, is easier to use than the GCS and produces similarly accurate results. [10] Using ACDU, a patient is assessed for alertness, confusion, drowsiness, and unresponsiveness. [10] The Grady Coma Scale classes people on a scale of I to V along a scale of confusion, stupor, deep stupor, abnormal posturing, and coma. [9]
Positive features of dissociative or non-epileptic seizures include prolonged motionless unresponsiveness, long duration episodes (>2minutes) and symptoms of dissociation prior to the attack. These signs can be usefully discussed with patients when the diagnosis is being made. [22] [23] [24] [25]
A vegetative state (VS) or post-coma unresponsiveness (PCU) [1] is a disorder of consciousness in which patients with severe brain damage are in a state of partial arousal rather than true awareness. After four weeks in a vegetative state, the patient is classified as being in a persistent vegetative state ( PVS ).
Person passed out on a sidewalk in New York City, 2008. In jurisprudence, unconsciousness may entitle the criminal defendant to the defense of automatism, i.e. a state without control of one's own actions, an excusing condition that allows a defendant to argue that they should not be held criminally liable for their actions or omissions.
ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. [1]
Nevertheless, the irreversibility of these conditions remains an open question. Some studies demonstrated that some patients with disorders of consciousness may be aware despite clinical unresponsiveness. [citation needed] These findings could have a major impact on ethical and social issues. [30]
The DSM-5 allows for diagnosis of the predominantly inattentive presentations of ADHD (ICD-10 code F90.0) if the individual presents six or more (five for adults) of the following symptoms of inattention for at least six months to a point that is disruptive and inappropriate for developmental level: